Codeine

Generic Name: Codeine

Brand Names:

Availability: Available with Prescription

Drug Class: Opoid analgesics

Therapeutic action

  • Opioid analgesic

Indications

  • Moderate pain, alone or in combination with a non-opioid analgesic

Forms and strengths

  • 30 mg codeine phosphate tablet

Dosage

  • Child over 12years and adult: 30 to 60 mg every 4 to 6 hours; maximum240 mg daily

Duration

  • According to clinical evolution;as short as possible.

Contra-indications, adverse effects, precautions

  • Do not administer to patients with acute respiratory depression or asthma attack. 
  • May cause:
    • constipation, nausea,vomiting, drowsiness, dizziness;
    • rarely: respiratory depression, allergic reactions, dependence, withdrawal syndrome.
  • Do not combine with:
    • other agonist opioids such as morphine (increased risk of respiratory depression); 
    • agonist-antagonist opioids such as buprenorphine, nalbuphine, pentazocine (competitive action).
  • Reduce dosage in patients with renal or hepatic impairment and in elderly patients. Management of respiratory depression includes assisted ventilation and/or administration of naloxone.
  • Pregnancynocontra-indication. The newborn infant may develop withdrawal symptoms,
  • respiratory depression and drowsiness in the event of prolonged administration of large doses at the end of the 3rd trimester. In this event,closely monitor the newborn infant.
  • Breast-feeding: use with caution,for a short period (2-3 days), at the lowest effective dose. Monitor the mother and the infant:in the event of excessive drowsiness, stop treatment.

Remarks

  • Administer an appropriate laxative (e.g. lactulose) if analgesic treatment continues more than 48 hours.
  • In some countries, codeine is on the list of narcotics: follow national regulations.

Storage

- Below 25 °C